Reported Speech-Notes

Reported Speech (Present into Past Tense)

Example:

She said, "I go to school college daily."

"She said" is a reporting speech, and "I go to school college daily." is a reported speech.

Two Main Rules:

i. First Persons (I, my, me & we, our, us) of Reported Speech are changed according to the Subject of Reporting Speech

ii. Second Persons (You, Your, You ) of Reported Speech are changed according to the Object of Reporting Speech

Note: Third persons (he, she) of Reported speech are NOT changed.

a. When 'said' is used in Reporting Speech, then

Direct    |   Indirect

    go     | went

 write    | wrote

has       | had

is writing   |   was writing 

am writing |    was writing 

are writing  |     were writing 

has written  |    had written

have written |    had written 

was writing   |   had been writing 

were writing   | had been writing

will write    |   would write

shall write  | would write 

don't play | didn't play 

Change into Direct Speech:

i. First Persons (I, my, me & we, our, us) of Reported Speech are changed according to the Subject of Reporting Speech

1. She said, "I write poems."

    She told that she wrote poems.

2. She said to him, "You write poems."

    She told him that he wrote poems.

3. He said to her, "You write poems."

4. He said to me, "I am writing poems."

5. Ali said to her, "I have written  many poems."

6. They said to her, "You don't write poems."

7. She said to her, "I did not write poems."

8. I said to her, "You write poems."

9. You said to her, "You don't write poems."

10. I said to her, "I have written poems."

11. She said, "I'm fine today."

 

Change of Adverbs:

today into that day 

yesterday into the previous 

tomorrow into the next day
tonight into that night 

now into then 

this into that 

it into that 

here into there

12. He said, "I have posted the letters." 

13. She said, "I don't have any book " 

14. He said to me, "You teach me English."

15. They said, "We have done nothing." 

16. He said to her, "You teach me English."
17. They said to me, "We are your students."
18. She said to him, "I didn't invite you to the party."
19. She said to me, "He doesn't help me in my studies."

20. The teacher said to me, "You are doing very well."